CS代码编程代做-代写游戏编程-代码代写

Programming Languages and Techniques

CS代码编程代做 We are going to show you how to build a simple (only because there is no graphical user interface – GUI) version of the classic game Battleship.

Homework 10 : Battleship

(Deadline as per Canvas)

For HW10, you may work as a group (no more than 2 students). Please mention your collaborator’s name at the top of each of your code files.

This homework is more detailed than previous assignments, so start as early as you can on it.It deals with the following topics:

Inheritance & overriding
Access modifiers
Abstract classes (we’ll learn about these in the next lecture)
2-dimensional arrays

Introduction CS代码编程代做

We are going to show you how to build a simple (only because there is no graphical user interface – GUI) version of the classic game Battleship.

Battleship is usually a two-player game, where each player has a fleet of ships and an ocean(hidden from the other player), and tries to be the first to sink the other player’s fleet.

We will be doing just a one-player vs. computer version, where the computer places the ships, and the human attempts to sink them.

We’ll play this game on a 10×10 “ocean” and will be using the following ships (“the fleet”):

How to Play Battleship

Please take a look at these rules even if you have played Battleship before in your life.Remember this is a Human vs. Computer version.

The computer places the ten ships on the ocean in such a way that no ships are immediately adjacent to each other, either horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. Take a look at the following diagrams for examples of legal and illegal placements:

The human player does not know where the ships are. The initial display of the ocean printed to the console therefore shows a 10 by 10 array of ‘.‘ (see the description of the Ocean class’ print() method below for more information on what subsequent ocean displays will look like).

The human player tries to hit the ships, by indicating a specific row and column number (r,c).The computer responds with one bit of information saying, “hit” or “miss”.

When a ship is hit but not sunk, the program does not provide any information about what kind of a ship was hit. However, when a ship is hit and sinks, the program prints out a message “You just sank a ship – (type).” After each shot, the computer re-displays the ocean with the new information. CS代码编程代做

A ship is “sunk” when every square of the ship has been hit. Thus, it takes four hits (in four different places) to sink a battleship, three to sink a cruiser, two for a destroyer, and one for a submarine.

The object is to sink the fleet with as few shots as possible; the best possible score would be 20 (lower scores are better.) When all ships have been sunk, the program prints out a message that the game is over, and tells how many shots were required.

Details of Implementation

Name your project Battleship, and your package battleship.

Your program should have the following 8 classes:

class BattleshipGame

o This is the “main” class, containing the main method, which starts by creating an

instance of Ocean

class Ocean

o This contains a 10×10 array of Ships, representing an “ocean”, and some

methods to manipulate it

abstract class Ship

o This abstract class describes the characteristics common to all ships CS代码编程代做

o It has subclasses:

▪ class Battleship extends Ship

Describes a ship of length 4

▪ class Cruiser extends Ship

Describes a ship of length 3

▪ class Destroyer extends Ship

Describes a ship of length 2

▪ class Submarine extends Ship

Describes a ship of length 1

▪ class EmptySea extends Ship

Describes a part of the ocean that doesn’t have a ship in it. (Itseems silly to have the lack of a ship be a type of ship, but this is a trick that simplifies a lot of things. This way, every location in the ocean contains a “ship” of some kind.)

Abstract class Ship

The abstract Ship class has the instance variables below.

Note: Fields should be declared private unless there is a good reason for not doing so. This is known as “encapsulation”, which is the process of making the fields in a class private and providing access to the fields via public methods (e.g. getters and setters).

private int bowRow

o The row that contains the bow (front part of the ship)

private int bowColumn

o The column that contains the bow (front part of the ship)

private int length

o The length of the ship

private boolean horizontal

o A boolean that represents whether the ship is going to be placed horizontally or vertically CS代码编程代做

private boolean[] hit

o An array of booleans that indicate whether that part of the ship has been hit or

not

The default constructor for the Ship class is:

public Ship(int length)

o This constructor sets the length property of the particular ship and initializes

the hit array based on that length

The methods in the Ship class are the following: CS代码编程代做

Getters

public int getLength()

o Returns the ship length

public int getBowRow()

o Returns the row corresponding to the position of the bow

public int getBowColumn()

o Returns the bow column location

public boolean[] getHit()

o Returns the hit array

public boolean isHorizontal()

o Returns whether the ship is horizontal or not

Setters CS代码编程代做

public void setBowRow(int row)

o Sets the value of bowRow

public void setBowColumn(int column)

o Sets the value of bowColumn

public void setHorizontal(boolean horizontal)

o Sets the value of the instance variable horizontal

Abstract Methods

public abstract String getShipType()

o Returns the type of ship as a String. Every specific type of Ship (e.g. BattleShip, Cruiser, etc.) has to override and implement this method and return the corresponding ship type.

Other Methods

boolean okToPlaceShipAt(int row, int column, boolean horizontal,Ocean ocean)

o Based on the given row, column, and orientation, returns true if it is okay to put a ship of this length with its bow in this location; false otherwise. The ship must not overlap another ship, or touch another ship (vertically, horizontally, or diagonally),and it must not ”stick out” beyond the array. Does not actually change either the ship or the Ocean – it just says if it is legal to do so.

void placeShipAt(int row, int column, boolean horizontal, Ocean ocean)

o “Puts” the ship in the ocean. This involves giving values to the bowRow,bowColumn, and horizontal instance variables in the ship, and it also involves putting a reference to the ship in each of 1 or more locations (up to 4) in the ships array in the Ocean object. (Note: This will be as many as four identical references; you can’t refer to a ”part” of a ship, only to the whole ship.)

o For placement consistency (although it doesn’t really affect how you play the game), let’s agree that horizontal ships face East (bow at right end) and vertical ships face South (bow at bottom end). CS代码编程代做

▪ This means, if you place a horizontal battleship at location (9, 8) in the ocean, the bow is at location (9, 8) and the rest of the ship occupies locations: (9, 7), (9, 6), (9, 5).

▪ If you place a vertical cruiser at location (4, 0) in the ocean, the bow is at location (4, 0) and the rest of the ship occupies locations: (3, 0), (2, 0).

boolean shootAt(int row, int column)

o If a part of the ship occupies the given row and column, and the ship hasn’t been sunk, mark that part of the ship as “hit” (in the hit array, index 0 indicates the bow) and return true; otherwise return false.

boolean isSunk()

o Return true if every part of the ship has been hit, false otherwise

@Override

public String toString()

o Returns a single-character String to use in the Ocean’s print method. This method should return ”s” if the ship has been sunk and ”x” if it has not been sunk. This method can be used to print out locations in the ocean that have been shot at; it should not be used to print locations that have not been shot at. Since toStringbehaves exactly the same for all ship types, it is placed here in the Ship class.

Class ShipTest

This is the JUnit test class for the Ship class. The ShipTest.java file we have provided contains SOME of the unit tests for this assignment. There will be more tests for the Ship class that we will be running your program against. Import ShipTest.java into your Java project and implement enough code in the methods in your program to pass all tests.

Generate additional scenarios and add test cases to each test method. You should have a total of at least 3 distinct scenarios and valid test cases per method (including the ones provided).For example, one scenario could be, you create and place a battleship in a particular location in the ocean by calling its placeShipAt method. Then you create a destroyer and see if it can be placed in a particular location by calling its okToPlaceShipAt method. If so, you place it. Then you create a cruiser and see if it can be placed in a particular location by calling its okToPlaceShipAt method. If so, you place it. CS代码编程代做

Test every non-private method in the Ship class. (Unfortunately, you can’t test methods that are private because they are inaccessible outside of the class.)

Also test the methods in each subclass of Ship. You can test the Ship method and its subclasses in the same file.

You must include comments to explain your different testing scenarios.

Class BattleshipGame

The BattleshipGame class is the “main” class — that is, it contains a main method. In this class you will set up the game; accept ”shots” from the user; display the results; and print final scores. All input/output is done here (although some of it is done by calling a print() method in the Ocean class.) All computation will be done in the Ocean class and the various Ship classes.

To aid the user, row numbers should be displayed along the left edge of the array, and column numbers should be displayed along the top. Numbers should be 0 to 9, not 1 to 10. The top left corner square should be 0, 0. Use different characters to indicate locations that contain a hit, locations that contain a miss, and locations that have never been fired upon.

For example, here’s a display of the ocean when the program first launches, and no shots have been fired.

Use various sensible methods. Don’t cram everything into one or two methods, but try to divide up the work into sensible parts with reasonable names.

Extending abstract class Ship CS代码编程代做

Use the abstract Ship class as a parent class for every single ship type. Create the following classes and keep each class in a separate file.

class Battleship extends Ship
class Cruiser extends Ship
class Destroyer extends Ship
class Submarine extends Ship

Each of these classes has a zero-argument public constructor, the purpose of which is to set the length variable to the correct value. From each constructor, call the constructor in the super class with the appropriate hard-coded length value for each ship. Note: You can store the hard-coded int values in static final variables.

Aside from the constructor you have to override this method: CS代码编程代做

@Override

public String getShipType()

o Returns one of the strings “battleship”, “cruiser”, “destroyer”, or“submarine”, as appropriate. Again, these types of hard-coded string values are good candidates for static final variables.

o This method can be useful for identifying what type of ship you are dealing with,at any given point in time, and eliminates the need to use instanceof

Class EmptySea extends Ship

You may wonder why “EmptySea” is a type of Ship. The answer is that the Ocean contains a Ship array, every location of which is (or can be) a reference to some Ship. If a particular location is empty, the obvious thing to do is to put a null in that location. But this obvious approach has the problem that, every time we look at some location in the array, we’d have to check if it is null. By putting a non-null value in empty locations, denoting the absence of a ship, we can save all that null checking.

The constructor for the EmptySea class is:

public EmptySea()

o This zero-argument constructor sets the length variable to 1 by calling the constructor in the super class

The methods in the EmptySea class are the following:

@Override

boolean shootAt(int row, int column)

o This method overrides shootAt(int row, int column) that is inherited from Ship, and always returns false to indicate that nothing was hit CS代码编程代做

@Override

boolean isSunk()

o This method overrides isSunk() that is inherited from Ship, and always returns false to indicate that you didn’t sink anything

@Override

public String toString()

o Returns the single-character “-“ String to use in the Ocean’s print method.

(Note, this is the character to be displayed if a shot has been fired, but nothing has been hit.)

@Override

public String getShipType()

o This method just returns the string “empty”

Class Ocean CS代码编程代做

Instance variables

private Ship[][]ships = new Ship[10][10]

o Used to quickly determine which ship is in any given location

private int shotsFired

o The total number of shots fired by the user

private int hitCount

o The number of times a shot hit a ship. If the user shoots the same part of a ship more than once, every hit is counted, even though additional “hits” don’t do the user any good.

private int shipsSunk

o The number of ships sunk (10 ships in all)

Constructor

public Ocean()

o Creates an ”empty” ocean (and fills the ships array with EmptySea objects).

You could create a private helper method to do this.

o Also initializes any game variables, such as how many shots have been fired.

Methods

void placeAllShipsRandomly()

o Place all ten ships randomly on the (initially empty) ocean. Place larger ships before smaller ones, or you may end up with no legal place to put a large ship.

You will want to use the Random class in the java.util package, so look that up in the Java API.

o To help you write the code for this method, reference the printWithShips() method below. It will allow you to see where ships are actually being placed in the Ocean while you are writing and debugging your program.

boolean isOccupied(int row, int column)

o Returns true if the given location contains a ship, false if it does not

boolean shootAt(int row, int column)

o Returns true if the given location contains a ”real” ship, still afloat, (not an EmptySea), false if it does not. In addition, this method updates the number of shots that have been fired, and the number of hits. CS代码编程代做

o Note: If a location contains a “real” ship, shootAt should return true every time the user shoots at that same location. Once a ship has been ”sunk”, additional shots at its location should return false.

int getShotsFired()

o Returns the number of shots fired (in the game)

int getHitCount()

o Returns the number of hits recorded (in the game). All hits are counted, not just the first time a given square is hit.

int getShipsSunk()

o Returns the number of ships sunk (in the game)

boolean isGameOver()

o Returns true if all ships have been sunk, otherwise false

Ship[][] getShipArray()

o Returns the 10×10 array of Ships. The methods in the Ship class that take an Ocean parameter need to be able to look at the contents of this array; the placeShipAt() method even needs to modify it. While it is undesirable to allow methods in one class to directly access instance variables in another class, sometimes there is just no good alternative.

void print()

o Prints the Ocean. To aid the user, row numbers should be displayed along the left edge of the array, and column numbers should be displayed along the top.

Numbers should be 0 to 9, not 1 to 10. CS代码编程代做

o The top left corner square should be 0, 0.

o ‘x’: Use ‘x’ to indicate a location that you have fired upon and hit a (real) ship.(reference the description of toString in the Ship class)

o ‘-’: Use ‘–’ to indicate a location that you have fired upon and found nothing there. (reference the description of toString in the EmptySea class)

o‘s’: Use ‘s’ to indicate a location containing a sunken ship. (reference the description of toString in the Ship class)

o ‘.’: and use ‘.’ (a period) to indicate a location that you have never fired upon

o This is the only method in the Ocean class that does any input/output, and it is never called from within the Ocean class, only from the BattleshipGame class.

For example, here’s a display of the ocean after 2 shots have missed.

And here’s a display of the ocean after 2 shots have missed, and 1 has hit a (real) ship.

To further help you understand how to write the code for this method, here’s the(high-level) logic for printing the ocean:

for each location in the 10 by 10 array (the “ocean”)

if the location contains a ship that is sunk or if the location has been shot at, and was hit or nothing was found

○ print the ship itself — this will call toString in the Ship class or any Ship subclass which has toString defined (i.e. EmptySea)

otherwise print “.”
void printWithShips() CS代码编程代做

o USED FOR DEBUGGING PURPOSES ONLY.

o Like the print() method, this method prints the Ocean with row numbers displayed along the left edge of the array, and column numbers displayed along the top. Numbers should be 0 to 9, not 1 to 10. The top left corner square should be 0, 0.

o Unlike the print() method, this method shows the location of the ships.This method can be used during development and debugging, to see where ships are actually being placed in the Ocean. (The TAs may also use this method when running your program and grading.) It can be called from the BattleshipGame class, after creating the Ocean and placing ships in it.

o Be sure to comment out any call to this method before actually playing the game and before submitting your Java project.

o ‘b’: Use ‘b’ to indicate a Battleship.

o ‘c’: Use ‘c’ to indicate a Cruiser.

o ‘d’: Use ‘d’ to indicate a Destroyer.

o ‘s’: Use ‘s’ to indicate a Submarine.

o ‘ ‘: Use ‘ ’ (single space) to indicate an EmptySea.

For example, here’s a display of the ocean after creating the Ocean, calling placeAllShipsRandomly, and then calling printWithShips.

You are welcome to write additional methods of your own. Additional methods should have default access (accessible anywhere in the package) and be tested, if you think they have some usefulness outside of this class. If you don’t think they have any use outside of this class, mark them as private. CS代码编程代做

Class OceanTest

This is the JUnit test class for the Ocean class. The OceanTest.java file we have provided contains SOME of the unit tests for this assignment. There will be more tests for the Ocean class that we will be running your program against. Import OceanTest.java into your Java project and implement enough code in the methods in your program to pass all tests.

Generate additional scenarios and add test cases to each test method. You should have a total of at least 3 distinct scenarios and valid test cases per method (including the ones provided).For example, a scenario could be, you create and place a submarine in a particular location in the ocean by calling its placeShipAt method. Then you check if a particular location in the ocean is occupied by calling its isOccupied method. Create and place another submarine in a particular location by calling its placeShipAt method. Then check if another location in the ocean is occupied by calling its isOccupied method.

Test every required method for Ocean, including the constructor, but not including the print() method. If you create additional methods in the Ocean class, you must either make them private, or write tests for them.

Note: Two test methods have been completely implemented for you, meaning, no additional test cases are required. (Of course, you’re welcome to add more!). These are testEmptyOcean and testPlaceAllShipsRandomly.

testEmptyOcean tests if every location in an empty ocean is “empty”. Since it’s the constructor in the Ocean class that is responsible for creating an ”empty” ocean (and filling the ships array with EmptySeas), the testEmptyOcean method can be considered the test method for theOcean class constructor.testPlaceAllShipsRandomly tests that the correct number of each ship type is placed in the ocean after calling placeAllShipsRandomly.

You must include comments to explain your different testing scenarios.

What to Submit CS代码编程代做

Please submit all the Java classes in your Java project. Make sure to include everything in your“src” folder.

If you’re working as part of a team, only one student from your team needs to submit the files. Include the members of your team as part of the @author tag in the Javadocs for each class. If Brandon was working with Sarah, their Javadocs and @author tag would look something like:

Evaluation

You will be graded out of 52 points:

Style (8 pts total)

o This includes, but is not limited to:

▪ Adding Javadocs to every class, method, and variable, and comments to all non-trivial code.

▪ Indenting properly (Cmd+i or Ctrl+i) and using { brackets } correctly in loops and conditionals

▪ Naming additional variables and methods descriptively with camelCase

▪ Removing unused variables and commented out code blocks/print statements used for debugging

Game play (10 pts total)

o This comes down to whether or not a TA can play your game. The interface should be clear. If you have made some potentially unusual design choice, please make sure that you point that out very clearly. If you do not know what this means, it might be worth asking on EdDiscussion or during office hours. If you followed all the instructions to the letter, you are fine.

Unit testing (24 pts total)

o Please make sure you pass the provided tests as well as your own additional unit tests (10 pts) CS代码编程代做

o Passing our own unit tests (14 pts)

o Note, there are some methods which cannot be unit tested, such as a method that takes in user input. Similarly, a method that prints to the console (and does only that) cannot be unit tested.

o Note: please clearly comment on your unit tests to explain the different scenarios that you are testing. The TAs will read your tests to make sure they are distinct and valid.

Code writing (10 pts)

o Make sure you understand inheritance and correctly utilize overriding

o Note: Please clearly comment on your placeAllShipsRandomly() method.

The TAs will read this part of your code and make sure that you are actually doing it correctly.

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